The Role of The Healthcare Practitioner During Natural Disasters, Health Crises, And Wars.

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Red Crescent Hamad Center, Saudi Arabia

2 King Fahad Medical City, Saudi Arabia

3 Prince Sultan Cardiac Center, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Background: Disasters, whether natural or human-induced, have been increasing in frequency and impact, necessitating robust preparedness and response strategies. Healthcare practitioners, particularly general practitioners (GPs), are critical in managing such crises. Since the 2001 terrorist attacks, disaster preparedness has improved, with greater integration of public health and healthcare professionals into planning processes. The COVID-19 pandemic further accelerated the adoption of digital health technologies (DHTs), such as telehealth, electronic health records (EHRs), and mobile health (mHealth), which have become essential tools in disaster response and healthcare delivery. Aim: This review examines the role of healthcare practitioners, particularly GPs, in disaster management, focusing on their responsibilities in preparedness, response, and recovery. It also explores the integration of DHTs in disaster scenarios and their potential benefits and limitations. Methods: The review synthesizes existing literature on disaster management frameworks, the role of GPs, and the application of DHTs in healthcare during crises. It highlights key components such as the Hospital Incident Command System (HICS), the four phases of emergency management (mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery), and digital tools like telehealth and AI. Results: Healthcare practitioners play a pivotal role in disaster management, from providing immediate care to coordinating long-term recovery efforts. DHTs, including telehealth and EHRs, enhance disaster response by improving communication, data sharing, and patient management. However, challenges such as digital access disparities, e-waste, and the need for standardized frameworks remain.

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